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The Canterbury Tales
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Fragment I (Group A)
  
THE GENERAL PROLOGUE Here bygynneth the Book of the Tales of Caunterbury.
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THE KNIGHT'S TALE
  
Heere bigynneth the Knyghtes Tale.
  
Sequitur pars secunda
  
Sequitur pars tercia
 KnT.4. 
Sequitur pars quarta
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[story]
  
THE MILLER'S PROLOGUE Heere folwen the wordes bitwene the Hoost and the Millere.
  
THE MILLER'S TALEHeere bigynneth the Millere his tale.
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[story]
  
THE REEVE'S PROLOGUEThe prologe of the Reves Tale.
  
THE REEVE'S TALEHeere bigynneth the Reves Tale.
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[story]
  
THE COOK'S PROLOGUEThe prologe of the Cokes Tale.
  
THE COOK'S TALEHeere bigynneth the Cookes Tale.
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Fragment II (Group B1)
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[story]
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INTRODUCTION TO THE MAN OF LAW'S TALEThe wordes of the Hoost to the compaignye.
  
The prologe of the Mannes Tale of Lawe.
  
THE MAN OF LAW'S TALEHeere begynneth the Man of Lawe his tale.
  
Sequitur pars secunda.
  
Sequitur pars tercia.
  
THE EPILOGUE OF THE MAN OF LAW'S TALE
  
Fragment III (Group D)
  
Fragment IV (Group E)
  
Fragment V (Group F)
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Fragment VI (Group C)
  
THE PHYSICIAN'S TALEHeere folweth the Phisiciens Tale.
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[story]
  
THE INTRODUCTION TO THE PARDONER'S TALEThe wordes of the Hoost to the Phisicien and the Pardoner.
  
THE PARDONER'S PROLOGUEHeere folweth the Prologe of the Pardoners Tale.
  
THE PARDONER'S TALEHeere bigynneth the Pardoners Tale.
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Fragment VII (Group B2)
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[story]
  
THE SHIPMAN'S TALEHeere bigynneth the Shipmannes Tale.
  
Bihoold the murie wordes of the Hoost to the Shipman and to the lady Prioresse.
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[story]
  
HE PROLOGUE OF THE PRIORESS'S TALEThe Prologe of the Prioresses Tale.
  
THE PRIORESS'S TALEHeere bigynneth the Prioresses Tale.
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[story]
  
PROLOGUE TO SIR THOPASBihoold the murye wordes of the Hoost to Chaucer.
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SIR THOPASHeere bigynneth Chaucers Tale of Thopas.
1    
The First Fit
  
[The Second Fit]
  
The [Third] Fit
  
Heere the Hoost stynteth Chaucer of his Tale of Thopas.
  
THE TALE OF MELIBEE Heere bigynneth Chaucers Tale of Melibee.
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[story]
  
THE PROLOGUE OF THE MONK'S TALEThe murye wordes of the Hoost to the Monk.
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THE MONK'S TALEHeere bigynneth the Monkes Tale De Casibus Virorum Illustrium.
  
[section]
  
Lucifer
  
Adam
  
Sampson
  
Hercules
  
Nabugodonosor
  
Balthasar
  
Cenobia
  
De Petro Rege Ispannie
  
De Petro Rege de Cipro
  
De Barnabo de Lumbardia
  
De Hugelino Comite de Pize
  
Nero
  
De Oloferno
  
De Rege Antiocho illustri
  
De Alexandro
  
De Julio Cesare
  
Cresus
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[story]
  
THE PROLOGUE OF THE NUN'S PRIEST'S TALEThe prologe of the Nonnes Preestes Tale.
  
THE NUN'S PRIEST'S TALEHeere bigynneth the Nonnes Preestes Tale of the Cok and Hen, Chauntecleer and Pertelote.
  
[section]
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Fragment VIII (Group G)
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[story]
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THE SECOND NUN'S PROLOGUEThe Prologe of the Seconde Nonnes Tale.
  
Invocacio ad Mariam
  
Interpretacio nominis Cecilie quam ponit Frater Jacobus Januensis in Legenda
  
THE SECOND NUN'S TALEHere bigynneth the Seconde Nonnes Tale of the lyf of Seinte Cecile.
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[story]
  
THE CANON'S YEOMAN'S PROLOGUEThe Prologe of the Chanouns Yemannes Tale.
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tHE CANON'S YEOMAN'S TALEHeere bigynneth the Chanouns Yeman his Tale.
 d120. 
[Prima Pars]
 d121. 
Et sequitur pars secunda
  
Fragment IX (Group H)
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"Fragment X (Group I)"
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[story]
  
THE PARSON'S PROLOGUEHeere folweth the Prologe of the Persouns Tale.
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THE PARSON'S TALEHeere bigynneth the Persouns Tale.
  
[section]
  
Et sequitur secunda pars eiusdem
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Sequitur de septem peccatis mortalibus et eorum dependenciis, circumstanciis, et speciebus.
 Pride. 
De Superbia.
  
Remedium contra peccatum Superbie.
 Envy. 
Sequitur de Invidia.
  
Remedium contra peccatum Invidie.
 Rage. 
Sequitur de Ira.
  
Sequitur remedium contra peccatum Ire.
 Sloth. 
Sequitur de Accidia.
  
Remedium contra peccatum Accidie.
 Avarice. 
Sequitur de Avaricia.
  
Relevacio contra peccatum Avaricie.
 Gluttony. 
Sequitur de Gulâ.
  
Remedium contra peccatum Gule.
 Lechery. 
Sequitur de Luxuria.
  
Remedium contra peccatum Luxurie.
  
Sequitur secunda pars Penitencie.
  
Explicit secunda pars Penitencie et sequitur tercia pars eiusdem.
  
"Chaucer's Retraction" Heere taketh the makere of this book his leve.
  
THE BOOK OF THE DUCHESS
collapse section1. 
THE HOUSE OF FAME
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BOOK I
  
Proem
  
The Invocation
  
Story
collapse section2. 
Incipit liber secundus.
  
Proem
  
The Dream
  
[section]
collapse section3. 
Incipit liber tercius.
  
Invocation
  
The Dream
  
[section]
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ANELIDA AND ARCITEThe Compleynt of feire Anelida and fals Arcite.
  
Invocation
  
The Story
  
The compleynt of Anelida the quene upon fals Arcite.Proem
  
Strophe
  
Antistrophe
  
Conclusion.
  
The Story continued
  
THE PARLIAMENT OF FOWLS
collapse section1. 
BOECEIncipit Liber Boecii de Consolacione Philosophie.
collapse sectionM1. 
[book]
  
CARMINA QUI QUONDAM STUDIO FLORENTE PEREGI. — Metrum 1
 P1. 
HEC DUM MECUM TACITUS. — Prosa 1
 M2. 
HEU QUAM PRECIPITI MERSA PROFUNDO. — Metrum 2
 P2. 
SET MEDICINE INQUIT TEMPUS. — Prosa 2
 M3. 
TUNC ME DISCUSSA, &c. — Metrum 3
 P3. 
HAUT ALITER TRISTICIE. — Prosa 3
 M4. 
QUISQUIS COMPOSITO. — Metrum 4
 P4. 
SENTISNE, INQUIT. — Prosa 4
 M5. 
O STELLIFERI CONDITOR ORBIS. — Metrum 5
 P5. 
HEC UBI CONTINUATO DOLORE DELATRAUI. — Prosa 5
 M6. 
CUM PHEBI RADIIS GRAVE CANCRI SIDUS INESTUAT. — Metrum 6
 P6. 
PRIMUM IGITUR PATERISNE ME PAUCULIS ROGACIONIBUS. — Prosa 6
 M7. 
NUBIBUS ATRIS CONDITA. — Metrum 7
collapse section2. 
Incipit Liber Secundus
 P1. 
POSTEA PAULISPER CONTICUIT. — Prosa 1
 M1. 
HEC CUM SUPERBA, &c. — Metrum 1
 P2. 
VELLEM AUTEM PAUCA. — Prosa 2
 M2. 
SI QUANTAS RAPIDIS. — Metrum 2
 P3. 
HIIS IGITUR SI PRO SE, &c. — Prosa 3
 M3. 
CUM PRIMO POLO. — Metrum 3
 P4. 
TUM EGO VERA INQUAM. — Prosa 4
 M4. 
QUISQUIS VOLET PERHENNEM CAUTUS, &c. — Metrum 4
 P5. 
SET CUM RACIONUM IAM IN TE, &c. — Prosa 5
 M5. 
FELIX NIMIUM PRIOR ETAS. — Metrum 5
 P6. 
QUID AUTEM DE DIGNITATIBUS. — Prosa 6
 M6. 
NOVIMUS QUANTAS DEDERIT. — Metrum 6
 P7. 
TUM EGO SCIS INQUAM. — Prosa 7
 M7. 
QUICUMQUE SOLAM MENTE. — Metrum 7
 P8. 
SET NE ME INEXORABILE. — Prosa 8
 M8. 
QUOD MUNDUS STABILI FIDE. — Metrum 8
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Incipit Liber Tertius
 P1. 
IAM CANTUM ILLA, &c. — Prosa 1
 M2. 
QUI SERERE INGENUUM. — Metrum 1
 P2. 
TUM DEFIXO PAULULUM. — Prosa 2
 M2. 
QUANTAS RERUM FLECTAT. — Metrum 2
 P3. 
VOS QUOQUE TERRENA ANIMALIA. — Prosa 3
 M3. 
QUAMVIS FLUENTE DIVES. — Metrum 3
 P4. 
SET DIGNITATES. — Prosa 4
 M4. 
QUAMVIS SE TIRIO. — Metrum 4
 P5. 
AN VERO REGNA. — Prosa 5
 M5. 
QUI SE VOLET ESSE POTENTEM. — Metrum 5
 P6. 
GLORIA VERO QUAM FALLAX. — Prosa 6
 M6. 
OMNE HOMINUM GENUS IN TERRIS. — Metrum 6
 P7. 
QUID AUTEM DE CORPORIS. — Prosa 7
 M7. 
HABET HOC VOLUPTAS. — Metrum 7
 P8. 
NICHIL IGITUR DUBIUM. — Prosa 8
 M8. 
HEU QUE MISEROS TRAMITE. — Metrum 8
 P9. 
HACTENUS MENDACIS FORMAM. — Prosa 9
 M9. 
O QUI PERPETUA. — Metrum 9
 P10. 
QUONlAM IGITUR QUE SIT. — Prosa 10
 M10. 
NUNC OMNES PARITER VENITE CAPTI. — Metrum 10
 P11. 
ASSENCIOR INQUAM CUNCTA. — Prosa 11
 M11. 
QUISQUIS PROFUNDA. — Metrum 11
 P12. 
TUNC EGO PLATONI INQUAM. — Prosa 12
 M12. 
FELIX QUI POTUIT. — Metrum 12
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Incipit Liber Quartus
 P1. 
HEC CUM PHILOSOPHIA DIGNITATE VULTUS. — Prosa 1
 M1. 
SUNT ETENIM PENNE VOLUCRES MICHI. — Metrum 1
 P2. 
TUM EGO PAPE INQUAM UT MAGNA. — Prosa 2
 M2. 
QUOS VIDES SEDERE CELSOS. — Metrum 2
 P3. 
VIDESNE IGITUR QUANTO. — Prosa 3
 M3. 
VELA NARICII DUCIS. — Metrum 3
 P4. 
TUM EGO FATEOR INQUAM. — Prosa 4
 M4. 
QUID TANTOS IUVAT. — Metrum 4
 P5. 
HINC EGO VIDEO INQUAM. — Prosa 5
 M5. 
SI QUIS ARCTURI SIDERA. — Metrum 5
 P6. 
ITA EST INQUAM. — Prosa 6
 M6. 
SI VIS CELSI IURA. — Metrum 6
 M7. 
IAMNE IGITUR VIDES. — Prosa 7
 M7. 
BELLA BIS QUINIS. — Metrum 7
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Incipit Liber Quintus
 P1. 
DIXERAT ORATIONISQUE CURSUM. — Prosa 1
 M1. 
RUPIS ACHEMENIE. — Metrum 1
 P2. 
ANIMADVERTO INQUAM. — Prosa 2
 M2. 
PURO CLARUM LUMINE. — Metrum 2
 P3. 
TUM EGO EN INQUAM. — Prosa 3
 M3. 
QUENAM DISCORS. — Metrum 3
 P4. 
TUM ILLA VETUS INQUIT HEC EST. — Prosa 4
 M4. 
QUONDAM PORTICUS ATTULIT. — Metrum 4
 P5. 
QUOD SI IN CORPORIBUS SENCIENDIS. — Prosa 5
 M5. 
QUAM VARIIS TERRAS. — Metrum 5
 P6. 
QUONlAM IGITUR UTI PAULO ANTE. — Prosa 6
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Troilus and Criseyde
collapse sectionI. 
BOOK I
  
Canticus Troili.
collapse sectionII. 
BOOK II
  
Incipit prohemium secundi libri.
  
Incipit liber secundus.
collapse sectionBOOK III. 
BOOK III
  
Incipit prohemium tercii libri.
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Incipit liber tercius.
  
Canticus Troili.
collapse sectionBOOK IV. 
BOOK IV
  
Incipit prohemium quarti libri
  
Incipit liber quartus.
collapse sectionBOOK V. 
BOOK V Incipit liber quintus.
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Canticus Troili.
  
Litera Troili.
  
Le vostre T."
  
Litera Criseydis.
  
La vostre C."
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THE LEGEND OF GOOD WOMEN
  
The Seintes Legende of CupideText F
  
I. THE LEGEND OF CLEOPATRA Incipit Legenda Cleopatrie, martiris, Egipti regine.
  
II. THE LEGEND OF THISBE Incipit Legenda Tesbe Babilonie, martiris.
  
III. THE LEGEND OF DIDO Incipit Legenda Didonis martiris, Cartaginis Regine.
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V. THE LEGEND OF HYPSIPYLE AND MEDEA Incipit Legenda Ysiphile et Medee, martirum.
  
1. The Legend of Hypsipyle"
  
2. The Legend of Medea
  
V. THE LEGEND OF LUCRECE Incipit Legenda Lucrecie Rome, martiris.
  
VI. THE LEGEND OF ARIADNE Incipit Legenda Adriane de Athenes.
  
VII. THE LEGEND OF PHILOMELA Incipit Legenda Philomene. Deus dator formarum.
  
VIII. THE LEGEND OF PHYLLIS Incipit Legenda Phillis.
  
IX. THE LEGEND OF HYPERMNESTRA Incipit Legenda Ypermystre.
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THE SHORT POEMS
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[section]
  
AN ABC Incipit carmen secundum ordinem litterarum alphabeti.
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THE COMPLAINT UNTO PITY
  
The Bill of Complaint
  
A COMPLAINT TO HIS LADY
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THE COMPLAINT OF MARS
 1 The Proem. 
[section]
 2. The Story. 
[section]
 3. 
The Compleynt of Mars
 II. 
[section]
 III. 
[section]
 IV. 
[section]
 V. 
[section]
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Complaint of Venus
 I. 
[section]
 II. 
[section]
 III. 
[section]
 IV. 
Lenvoy
  
To Rosemounde: a Balade
  
Womanly Noblesse: Balade That Chaucier Made
  
Chaucers wordes unto Adam, his owne scriveyn
  
The Former Age
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FORTUNE Balades de Visage sanz Peinture
 I. 
Le Pleintif countre Fortune
 II. 
La respounse de Fortune au Pleintif
 III. 
La respounse du Pleintif countre Fortune
 [IV]. 
La respounse de Fortune countre le Pleintif
 [V]. 
Lenvoy de Fortune
  
TRUTH Balade de Bon Conseyl
  
GENTILESSE Moral Balade of Chaucier
  
LAK OF STEDFASTNESSE
  
Lenvoy de Chaucer a Scogan
  
LENVOY DE CHAUCER A BUKTON
  
THE COMPLAINT OF CHAUCER TO HIS PURSE
  
Proverbe of Chaucer
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Poems not ascribed to Chaucer in the mss.
  
AGAINST WOMEN UNCONSTANT
  
Complaynt d'amours: An Amorous Complaint, Made at Windsor
  
Merciles beaute: [A Triple Roundel]
  
A BALADE OF COMPLAINT
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[work]
  
A TREATISE ON THE ASTROLABE
  
Here begynneth the descripcioun of thin Astralabie.
collapse section1. 
[conclusion]
  
To fynde the degre in which the sonne is day by day, after his cours aboute.
 2. 
To knowe the altitude of the sonne or of othre celestial bodies.
 3. 
To knowe every tyme of the day by light of the sonne; and every tyme of the nyght by the sterres fixe; and eke to knowe by nyght or by day the degre of eny signe that ascendith on the est orisonte, which that is clepid comounly the ascendent, or ellis horoscopum.
 4. 
A special declaracioun of the ascendent.
 5. 
To knowe the verrey equacioun of the degre of the sonne yf so be that it falle bitwene thyn almykanteras.
 6. 
To knowe the spryng of the dawenyng and the ende of the evenyng, the whiche ben called the two crepuscules.
 7. 
To knowe the arch of the day, that some folk callen the day artificiall, fro sonne arisyng tyl it go to reste.
 8. 
To turne the houres inequales in houres equales.
 9. 
To knowe the quantite of the day vulgar, that is to seyn fro spryng of the day unto verrey nyght.
 10. 
To knowe the quantite of houres in equales by day.
 11. 
To knowe the quantite of houres equales.
 12. 
Special declaracioun of the houres of planetes.
 13. 
To knowe the altitude of the sonne in myddes of the day that is clepid the altitude meridian.
 14. 
To knowe the degre of the sonne by thy ryet, for a maner curiosite.
 15. 
To knowe which day is lik to which day as of lengthe.
 16. 
This chapitre is a maner declaracioun to conclusiouns that folewen.
 17. 
To knowe the verrey degre of eny maner sterre, straunge or unstraunge, after his longitude; though he be indetermynat in thin Astralabye, sothly to the trouthe thus he shal be knowe.
 18. 
To knowe the degrees of longitudes of fixe sterres after that they be determynat in thin Astrelabye, yf so be that thei be trewly sette.
 19. 
To knowe with which degre of the zodiak eny sterre fix in thin Astrelabie arisith upon the est orisonte, all though his dwellyng be in another signe.
 20. 
To knowe the declinacioun of eny degre in the zodiak fro the equinoxiall cercle.
 21. 
To knowe for what latitude in eny regioun the almykanteras of eny table ben compowned.
 22. 
To knowe in speciall the latitude of oure countre, I mene after the latitude of Oxenford, and the height of oure pool.
 23. 
To prove evidently the latitude of eny place in a regioun by the preve of the height of the pool artik in that same place.
 24. 
Another conclusioun to prove the height of the pool artik fro the orisonte.
 25. 
Another conclusioun to prove the latitude of the regioun.
 26. 
Declaracioun of the ascensioun of signes.
 27. 
This is the conclusioun to knowe the ascensions of signes in the right cercle, that is circulus directus.
 28. 
To knowe the ascensions of signes in the embelif cercle in every regioun, I mene, in circulo obliquo.
 29. 
To knowe justly the 4 quarters of the world, as Est, West, North, and South.
 30. 
To knowe the latitude of planetes fro the wey of the sonne, whethir so they be north or south fro the forseide wey.
 31. 
To knowe the cenyth of the arising of the sonne, this is to seyn, the partie of the orisonte in which that the sonne arisith.
 32. 
To knowe in which partie of the firmament is the conjunccyoun.
 33. 
To knowe the cenyth of the altitude of the sonne.
 34. 
To knowe sothly the degre of the longitude of the mone, or of eny planete that hath no latitude for the tyme fro the ecliptik lyne.
 35. 
This is the worchinge of the conclusioun to knowe yf that eny planete be direct or retrograd.
 36. 
The conclusioun of equaciouns of houses after the Astrelabie.
 37. 
Another maner of equaciouns of houses by the Astrelabye.
 38. 
To fynde the lyne meridional to dwelle fix in eny certeyn place.
 39. 
Descripcion of the meridional lyne, of longitudes and latitudes of citees and townes, as wel as of climates.
collapse section40. 
[section]
  
To knowe with which degre of the zodiak that eny planete ascendith on the orisonte, wheither so that his latitude be north or south.
  
2 pars hujus conclusio.-->
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SUPPLEMENTARY PROPOSITIONS
 41. 
Umbra Recta.-->
 42. 
Umbra Versa.-->
 43. 
Umbra Recta.-->
 44. 
Another maner conclusion, to knowe the mene mote and the argumentis of any planete. To know the mene mote and the argumentis of every planete fro yeer to yeer, from day to day, from houre to houre, and from smale fraccionis infinite.
 45. 
Another manere to knowe the mene mote.
 46. 
For to knowe at what houre of the day, or of the night, shal be flod or ebbe.
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THE ROMAUNT OF THE ROSE
 Fragment A. 
Fragment A
 Fragment B. 
Fragment B
 Fragment C. 
Fragment C

1 occurrence of "Whit was his face as payndemayn
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IAMNE IGITUR VIDES. — Prosa 7

"Sestow nat thanne what thing folweth alle the thingis that I have seyd?"

"What thing?" quod I.

"Certes," quod sche, "al outrely that alle fortune is good."

"And how may that be?" quod I.

"Now undirstand," quod sche. "So as al fortune, whethir so it be joyeful fortune or aspre fortune, is yeven eyther by cause of gerdonynge or elles of exercisynge of good folk or elles by cause to punysschen or elles chastisen schrewes; thanne is alle fortune good, the whiche fortune is certeyn that it be either ryghtful or elles profitable."

"Forsothe this is a ful verray resoun," quod I; "and yif I considere the purveaunce and the destyne that thou taughtest me a litel herebyforn, this sentence is sustenyd by stedfast resouns. But yif it like unto the, lat us nombren [hyt] amonges thilke thingis, of whiche thow seydest a litel herebyforn that thei ne were nat able to ben wened to the peple."

"Why so?" quod sche.

"For that the comune word of men," quod I, "mysuseth this manere speche of fortune, and seyn ofte tymes that the fortune of som wyght is wikkid."

"Woltow thanne," quod sche, "that I approche a litil to the wordis of the peple, so that it seme nat to hem that I be overmoche departed as fro the usage of mankynde?"

"As thou wilt,' quod I.

"Demestow nat," quod sche, "that alle thing that profiteth is good?"

"Yis," quod I.

"And certes thilke thing that exerciseth or corrigith profitith?"

"I confesse it wel," quod I.

"Thanne is it good," quod sche.

"Why nat?" quod I.

"But this is the fortune," quod sche, "of hem that eyther ben put in vertu and batayllen ayein aspre thingis, or elles of hem that eschuen and declynen fro vices and taken the weye of vertu."

"This ne mai I nat denye," quod I.

"But what seistow of the merye fortune that is yeven to good folk in gerdoun — demeth aught the peple that it is wikkid?"

"Nay forsothe," quod I; "but thei demen, as it soth is, that it is ryght good."

"And what seistow of that othir fortune," quod sche, "that, although it be aspre and restreyneth the schrewes by ryghtful torment, weneth aught the peple that it be good?"

"Nay," quod I, "but the peple demeth that it is moost wrecchid of alle thingis that mai ben thought."

"War now and loke wel," quod sche, "lest that we, in folwynge the opynioun of the peple, have confessid and concluded thing that is unable to be wened to the peple."

456

"What is that?" quod I.

"Certis," quod sche, "it folweth or comith of thingis that ben grauntid that alle fortune, what so evere it he, of hem that ben eyther in possessioun of vertu, or in the encres of vertu, or elles in the purchasynge of vertu, that thilke fortune is good; and that alle fortune is ryght wikkid to hem that duellen in schrewidnesse." (As who seith: "And thus weneth nat the peple.")

"That is soth," quod I, "al be it so that no man dar confessen it ne byknowen it."

"Whi so?" quod sche; "for ryght as the stronge man ne semeth nat to abaissen or disdaignen as ofte tyme as he herith the noyse of the bataile, ne also it ne semeth nat to the wise man to beren it grevously as ofte as he is lad into the stryf of fortune. For, bothe to the to man and eek to the tothir thilke difficulte is the matere, to the to man of encres of his glorious renoun, and to the tothir man to confermen his sapience (that is to seyn, to the asprenesse of his estat). For therfore it is called ""vertu,"" for that it sustenith and enforceth by hise strengthes that it nis nat overcomen by adversites. Ne certes thou, that art put in the encres or in the heyghte of vertu, ne hast nat comen to fleten with delices, and for to welken in bodily lust; thou sowest or plawntest a ful egre bataile in thy corage ayeins every fortune, for that the sorwful fortune ne confownde the nat, ne that the myrie fortune ne corrumpe the nat. Ocupye the mene by stidefast strengthes; for al that evere is undir the mene, or elles al that overpasseth the mene, despyseth welefulnesse (as who seith, it is vicious), and ne hath no mede of his travaile. For it is set in your hand (as who seith, it lyth in your power) what fortune yow is levest (that is to seyn, good or yvel). For alle fortune that semeth scharp or aspre, yif it ne exercise nat the good folk ne chastiseth the wikkide folk, it punysseth.

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